Aim and Objectives- This research utilized cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess and compare the performance of five rotary file systems- 2Shape, Trunatomy, ProTaper Gold, Hyflex CM, and Hyflex EDM for centering ability, canal transportation, and total volume of removed dentin at apical third, middle third and coronal third. Material and Methodology- One hundred freshly extracted mandibular first molars were randomly divided into 5 groups and instrumentation was done according to manufacturer’s instructions using the following NiTi files: 2Shape, Trunatomy, ProTaper Gold, Hyflex CM, and Hyflex EDM. Pre and post-instrumentation CBCT imaging was performed and specialized software was used to analyse CBCT scans evaluate the volume of removed dentin, apical transportation, and centering ability at apical third, middle third and coronal third.