This study assesses groundwater vulnerability in the Oued Souf region, Northeastern OF Algeria desert, using the DRASTIC model based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The DRASTIC model is employed to develop a groundwater vulnerability map by evaluating the contamination risks, using seven key parameters that influence and control the movement of pollutants from the surface to the subsurface. These parameters include groundwater depth, net recharge, groundwater media, soil media, topography, the impact of the vadose zone and hydraulic conductivity. Each parameter is assigned a weight, classification and the DRASTIC Index (DI), which is calculated by aggregating the products of these weights and classifications. The results indicate that approximately 70% of the study area falls into the low vulnerability category, while about 30% is classified as having moderate vulnerability. The use of GIS-based DRASTIC mapping techniques provides valuable insights into groundwater vulnerability, aiding in the sustainable management of resources and environmental protection. The findings highlight the importance of understanding potential risks and the need for effective management strategies to safeguard clean groundwater supplies.