Child sexual abuse has always been a global phenomenon. It is a daunting task for good governance to ensure protection of children and provide justice to the victims of sexual assault. Due to countless socio-cultural and economic factors, many cases of CSA remain undetected. In this study, various facets of CSA were examined to understand how law and practice deal with this threat. The focus is on analyzing the impact on adjudication of CSA cases in India after the enactment of the POCSO Act. Recognizing that the nature of evidence and principles of law in sexual crimes have commonalities across countries where an adversarial justice system is adopted, the legal processes on various CSA issues in other countries have also been studied to capture global perspectives and best practices for investigation and trial. Learning from the experience of others is indeed wisdom of life. Since the dawn of civilization, women and children around the world have been the most vulnerable sections of society, suffering from a bundle of sexual exploitation. Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) includes genital penetration, inappropriate touching, groping and fondling, but most reported cases are those that involve penetration and defilement. CSA has been recognized as a prevalent international problem of major proportions, affecting children of all generations, ages, genders, ethnicities and socio-economic classes. It brings with it pressing human rights and public health issues and poses an ongoing challenge to the justice system. Child abuse is tantamount to a silent emergency, both for health and for justice