Microfiber can be described as a synthetic fiber or filament with a linear density of more than 0.3 decitex (dtex) and less than 1 decitex. Decitex is the unit used to represent the thickness of a fiber. Microfibers can be mixed with wool, rayon, or cotton, or can be used as 100% microfiber. The notable features of microfibers that make them unique include their light weight, resistance to wrinkling, ease of portability, comfort to wear, and limited tendency for lint formation. Microfibers have paved the way not only in the textile industry but also in the medical field, construction applications, cleaning purposes, and imitation leathers. Microfibers, a major component of micro plastics, are emerging pollutants that have been found nearly everywhere, mainly in freshwater and marine habitats around the world. Hence, microfibers have created a new path in environmental science research as an emerging pollutant. Nowadays, people are more aware of microfiber pollution, which has led to the invention of Cora balls and guppy bags to trap microfibers from washing machines, as laundering is the primary source of microfiber pollution. In this review paper, the types, properties, applications, sources of pollution, the impact on the environment, how it affects human health and available solutions have been discussed.