Background: Noise pollution, a pervasive environmental issue, has been linked to a variety of health problems, including mental health disorders. Recent evidence suggests that chronic exposure to noise can exacerbate stress and affect cognitive functions, yet the mechanisms underlying these effects remain insufficiently understood. Preclinical studies using animal models provide crucial insights into how noise exposure impacts mental health, shedding light on potential pathways for intervention. Objective: This review aims to synthesize findings from preclinical studies on the effects of noise-induced mental stress, focusing on the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.