Epigenetic regulation plays a critical role in neurogenesis and cognitive function, yet its precise impact on brain development and repair remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate how targeted epigenetic modifications affect neurogenesis and cognitive outcomes. We conducted a randomized controlled trial with 400 participants, comparing an epigenetic intervention group to a control group. Key findings include significant increases in neurogenesis scores associated with histone acetylation, miRNA regulation, and chromatin remodeling, while DNA methylation showed a negative impact. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive relationships between neurogenesis and histone acetylation (r=0.65) and chromatin remodeling (r=0.60). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that the intervention group experienced a higher rate of cognitive improvement over time compared to the control group. These results highlight the potential of epigenetic interventions to enhance neurogenesis and cognitive function, offering promising avenues for therapeutic strategies in brain development and repair. Our research underscores the importance of specific epigenetic targets in cognitive and neural health.