Medicinal plants are considered to be a very important natural source in the treatment of many diseases due to their richness in secondary metabolites in varying proportions depending on the plants and the environmental conditions. In order to give an idea about the medicinal plants used in Setif to treat diseases that affect the respiratory system, we carried out an ethnobotanical survey that targeted 100 people from the local population, including herbalists. The survey identified 43 plants species belonging to 23 families including Lamiaceae, which are the majority, followed by Asteraceae, Rutaceae, Myrtaceae, Apiaceae, Lauraceae.... The remedies are prepared mainly by infusion (% 34.88). The leaves of the plant are used in the treatment of respiratory diseases at a percentage of 41.86%, and are administered exclusively orally. The results obtained constitute a very valuable source of information for the region studied and for the national medicinal flora. They could be a database for further research in the fields of phytochemistry and pharmacology and with the aim of finding new natural substances.