Background: Hemiplegia and paraplegia are severe neurological disorders that significantly impact patients' quality of life and pose substantial challenges for healthcare systems. Objective: This study aimed to identify the most common causes of hemiplegia and paraplegia, evaluate the influence of demographic and risk factors, and assess the effectiveness of rehabilitative services in improving motor and sensory recovery. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at three paraplegic centers in Peshawar from December 2019 to March 2020. The sample comprised 200 patients with hemiplegia or paraplegia, selected through non-probability convenience sampling. Data were collected using structured interviews and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Statistical tests, including Chi-square, were employed to examine associations between variables. Results: Of the 200 patients, 151 (75.50%) had paraplegia and 49 (24.50%) had hemiplegia. Trauma caused 106 paraplegia cases (52.50%), while stroke caused 40 hemiplegia cases (20.00%). Comorbidities were more common in hemiplegia patients, with diabetes affecting 20 (40.82%) and hypertension affecting 33 (67.35%). For muscle power recovery, 16 paraplegia patients (10.60%) had no improvement, 95 (62.91%) had partial improvement, and 40 (26.49%) achieved complete recovery. Among hemiplegia patients, 11 (22.45%) had no improvement, 26 (53.06%) had partial improvement, and 12 (24.49%) achieved complete recovery. A significant association was found between the onset of treatment and sensation recovery (p=0.01). Daily physical therapy led to complete muscle power recovery in 51 patients (27.60%), compared to 1 patient (10.00%) with therapy thrice a week, with a p-value of 0.07. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of timely and frequent rehabilitation in improving recovery outcomes for hemiplegia and paraplegia patients. Tailored rehabilitation strategies are essential for optimizing patient care.