ISSN : 2663-2187

Evaluation of IgG, IgM and IgA antibody responses for serodiagnosis of Tuberculosis

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R. Gopinath, Sriram Kamireddy Ravichandran, R.Balamurugan, S.Gowsalya and M. Elanchezhiyan
» doi: 10.33472/AFJBS.6.5.2024. 5286-5299

Abstract

Many serological methods for the diagnosis of active TB have been designed and commercialized. Serum samples obtained from the recruited groups of individuals were subjected to the evaluation of the commercial ELISAs for detection of antibody responses raised against Mycobacterial antigens. The aim of this study was to analyze the serum levels of all of three antibodies, IgG (IgG1 and IgG2), IgM and IgA on ultimatum by employing commercially available ELISA. In this study, a total of 300 TB patients and 100 healthy control subjects were recruited in the study. The 300 TB patients were further classified based on their medical status and constituted of 156 treatment naïve and 144 under therapy patient groups. Humoral responses (IgG, IgM and IgA) were determined for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein using indirect ELISA methods in all of serum samples. In overall tuberculosis, Of 300 TB patients, 271 (90.3%) were IgG positive. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy for IgG were 93.8%, 100%, 100%, 79%, and 95.3%, respectively. IgG1 and IgG2 levels of patients were significantly higher (p<0.01) than both TB patients. The IgG antibody has high sensitivity and specificity for tuberculosis diagnosis, but IgM antibody should also be evaluated along with IgG antibody to increase specificity.

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