The present work aims to evaluate the antioxidant abilities of Moringa oleifera leaves aqueous extract (MOLE) in vitro, as well as to clarify its hepatoprotective effects on toxicity and oxidative alterations induced by formulated abamectin (ABM) in rats. ABTS, DPPH and FRAP tests were used to assess its in-vitro antioxidant activity. Rats were divided into four groups : group I served as controls which received standard diet, group II received MOLE by gavage at 200 mg/ kg BW Group III received orally ABM 1mg/kg BW and group IV received both ABM and MOLE for 21 days.The phytochemical investigation showed that MOLE exhibited potent antioxidant properties against the acid 2,2’-azino-bis (ABTS) radical (IC50 = 0.06) and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) (IC50 = 0.125). Additionally, a notable ferric reducing capacity (EC50 = 1.4) was demonstrated. Administration of ABM by orally to rats caused hepatotoxicity as monitored by the increase in the levels of hepatic markers enzymes (transaminases “ASAT, ALAT”), alkaline phosphatase “ALP”, gamma glutamyl transferase “GGT”), free bilirubin (FBL) and total bilirubin (TB), cholesterol (CHL) and triglycerides (TG), as well as hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels thus causing a drastic alteration in antioxidant defense system. Particularly, the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) increased by ABM. These biochemical alterations were accompanied by histological changes marked by slight and sinusoidal dilatation (moderate peliosis). Treatment with MOLE prevented the liver damage induced by ABM, as revealed by inhibition of hepatic lipid peroxidation accompanied by an improvement of liver histopathological changes, CAT, GPx and GST activities. It could be concluded that Moringa oleifera is promising a protective agent against hepatotoxicity during the exposure to abamectin.