A growing number of people suffer from a variety of diseases that is referred to as neurodegenerative diseases of the brain. Some of these are caused by an infection, like HIV/AIDS, while others are caused by a person's age (like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease). Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex, multifaceted mental illness characterized by age-dependent memory loss and cognitive impairment in multiple domains. It is the most common type of dementia among people who are getting older because there is a significant loss of cholinergic neurons in a particular area of the brain. In traditional Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine, many plants have been used to treat cognitive impairments, including neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. New medications, including those for cognitive issues, have been discovered through an ethnopharmacological approach based on plants. Due to their potential to be as effective as psychiatric medications, herbal treatments that have demonstrated anti-alzheimer effects should receive more attention in future research. This article looks at a lot of plants and the active ingredients in them that have been used in traditional Ayurvedic treatments to improve cognitive function or fight aging.