Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent condition in older men, significantly impacting quality of life due to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP) and Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) are commonly used surgical treatments. This randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of HoLEP and TURP in BPH management. A total of 100 patients were randomized into two groups: 50 underwent HoLEP, and 50 underwent TURP. Primary outcomes included improvement in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), prostate volume reduction, and postoperative complications. Secondary outcomes included hospital stay and catheterization time. Results indicated statistically significant improvements in the HoLEP group, with greater prostate volume reduction and a lower complication rate, including shorter catheterization time and hospital stay (p<0.05). HoLEP demonstrated superior efficacy, especially for larger prostates, with fewer postoperative complications. This study emphasizes the superiority of HoLEP over TURP in terms of safety and efficacy, providing new insights into surgical decision-making for BPH treatment. Further studies with long-term follow-up are required to confirm these findings.