Mosquitoes are home to a large number of microorganisms inside and outside their bodies, forming a diverse and dynamic microbiome. The mosquito microbiome plays an important role in many physiological functions such as nutrition, metabolism, and immunity of mosquitoes. It is a key component of mosquitoes. An indispensable component of growth and development. At the same time, mosquito microbiota significantly affects the infection and transmission of mosquito-borne pathogens, and has important application value in mosquito disease prevention and control. Therefore, the key role of the microbiome cannot be ignored in a comprehensive understanding of mosquito physiology and mosquito-borne disease transmission. This article systematically This article summarizes the research progress on the formation and influencing factors of mosquito microbiota, the influence and interaction mechanism of microbiota on host physiological functions, and the blocking and control of mosquito-borne diseases by mosquito microbiota. It also discusses the use of microorganisms. The application prospect of preventing and controlling mosquito-borne infectious diseases is put forward.