It is now recognized that cervical cancer is a rare long-term outcome of persistent infection of the lower genital tract by one of about 15 high-risk HPV types. HPV 16 and HPV 18 account for about 71% of cases; while HPV types 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58 account for another 19% of cervical cancer cases. Treatment of cervical cancer is based on stage of the disease, age, and fertility status, menopausal status of the patient and associated comorbid conditions and histopathological type. Treatment requires multidisciplinary approach involving a gynecologic oncologist, radiation oncologist and medical oncologist. Management of cervical cancer is primarily by surgery or radiation therapy, with chemotherapy a valuable adjunct. The combination of EBRT and ICRT maximizes the likelihood of locoregional control while minimizing the risk of treatment complications. The primary goal of EBRT is to sterilize local disease and to shrink the tumor to facilitate subsequent ICRT. Standard EBRT should deliver a dose of 45–50 Gy to the whole pelvis encompassing uterus, cervix, adnexal structures, parametria, and pelvic lymph nodes.