Background: Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a novel biomarker of vascular inflammation The importance of vascular inflammation, in the pathophysiology of CKD has been demonstrated; however, the role of vascular inflammation and its role in cognitive impairment in those patients is less understood. This study aimed to evaluate relationship between levels of serum Pentraxin 3 and cognitive changes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. 75 patients who presented with chronic kidney disease and on renal dialysis were evaluated clinically for neurocognitive impairment. They were divided into two groups; the first group showed normal cognitive functions and second group presented with deterioration of cognitive functions. Montreal cognitive assessment (MOCA) was done for the two groups. Plasma pentraxin 3 levels were measured using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.