Moringa oleifera is a medicinal plant that is a source of nutrients. It is rich in protein, fatty acids, minerals, relatively high polyphenol compound, and has antioxidant activity. The present study investigates the extraction yield, phytochemical content, and antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera leaves using two different extraction methods: maceration with methanol and aqueous decoction. The methanol extract showed a higher yield (11.82%) compared to the aqueous extract (8.35%). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids and quinones in both extracts. Quantitative analysis indicated that the methanol extract contained significantly higher total phenolic content (100.11±10.24 µg GAE/mg) and flavonoid content (52.85±0.46 µg QE/mg) than the aqueous extract (30.47±7.74 µg GAE/mg and 15.16±2.16 µg QE/mg, respectively). In HPLC investigation including 15 standard chemicals, we successfully identified chlorogenic acid in the M. oleifera aqueous extract. Furthermore, in the methanol extract, the main component was rutin. The antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging assay, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The methanol extract exhibited a superior DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 70.24 µg/ml) compared to the aqueous extract (IC50 = 103.71 µg/ml), and higher TAC (50.42%) and FRAP (EC50 = 815.5 µg/ml). These findings highlight the influence of extraction methods on the phytochemical and antioxidant profiles of M. oleifera leaves, suggesting that methanol is more effective solvent than water for extracting bioactive compounds.