Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is associated with a spectrum of chronic complications, notably diabetic kidney disease and peripheral artery disease (PAD). The assessment of PAD can be readily accomplished via the ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurement. Given the rising prevalence of diabetes globally, it is imperative to elucidate the interrelation between renal function and PAD. This study used a retrospective and cross-sectional study involving 146 Type 2 DM and PAD patients. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) stages were analyzed for PAD presence. Variables such as gender, age, and smoking status were examined. The Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) was used to diagnose PAD. Of the participants, 54.7% were male, and 84.7% were aged 50 or older. PAD prevalence was 51.3%. A significant association was found between GFR stages and PAD (p < 0.05), with PAD prevalence increasing from 10.6% at Stage 1 to 80.0% at Stage 5. Males had higher PAD incidence (61.0%) compared to females (39.0%). Older participants (≥50 years) exhibited a higher PAD prevalence (84.4%). To sum, the study confirms a significant association between declining kidney function and increased PAD incidence, highlighting the need for targeted interventions and early detection strategies to improve patient outcomes.