Our aim is to explore the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in the province of Chahbounia in Algeria, this contagious infectious disease common to humans and many animal species. In Algeria, it topped the list of zoonoses in 2007. The cases of human brucellosis recorded in the province of Chahbounia (Algeria's central region) within twelve years were based on previous statistics from the public health department. The results revealed 192 reported cases of human brucellosis, the majority of which were men rather than women, with a sex ratio of 1.9. People aged between 15 and 65 are the most exposed to brucellosis infection. Our results also revealed that brucellosis contamination occurs mainly when the climate becomes hot between April and July.