Most studies fall short in evaluating the impact of plastic mulching on soil macrofauna, especially when it is combined with organic fertilizers. This study investigates the effects of polyethylene mulch and composts based on pineapple residues on soil macrofauna abundance and diversity, in pineapple cultivation in southern Benin. A split-plot experimental design was employed with three replications. The main factor was soil mulch (Polyethylene Mulch (PM) vs. UnMulched (UM)) and the sub-factor consisted of five treatments based on the combination of pineapple crop and processing residues with poulty litter, absolute control and farmer practice. Soil macrofauna were sampled using the "Tropical Soil Biology Fertility" method. The results revealed a decline in macrofauna abundance and diversity under plastic polyethylene mulch, although feeding activity remained high under some treatments. Hymenoptera and Isoptera orders were more prevalent in specific treatments. Compost based on pineapple residues positively impacted soil macrofauna but was less effective with plastic polyethylene mulch. Using biodegradable mulch could enhance the benefits of pineapple-based composts on soil macrofauna.