Anthropogenic changes in land use and cover (LULC) have a substantial impact on ecosystems worldwide. Deforestation and urbanization contribute to rising Land Surface Temperature (LST). This study investigates the interrelationship of LULC, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), and LST in Dimapur District over 1991, 2001, 2011, and 2021. Landsat-5 TM, Landsat-7 ETM+, Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS data were utilized for analysis. Using the maximum likelihood technique from the supervised classification method, LULC changes were assessed. Findings reveal a 20.07 % forest reduction and an 135.32 % built-up increase from 1991 to 2021. Mean LST surged from 17.24°C (1991) to 26.98°C (2021). There is a positive association between LST and NDBI (0.43 to 0.71) and a negative correlation between LST and NDVI (0.14 to 0.45) according to the correlation analysis. To delve further into the relationship between NDVI, NDBI, and LST, Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) was designated. While the R2 adjusted values for NDBI and LST ranged from 0.82 to 0.99 during the years, the R2 adjusted values for NDVI and LST stayed constant at 0.99. Land management and development must be prioritized, and government officials and legislators must diligently monitor changes in LULC, LST, NDVI, and NDBI.