Background :The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a potentially fatal respiratory disease caused by a new SARS-CoV-2, which was first identified in december 2019 in Wuhan (Hubei Province, China). Since then, it has rapidly spread worldwide, causing more than 150 million reported cases and over 3,1 million deaths globally since the start of the pandemic. COVID-19 has become the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in many countries and exemplifies the devastating impact of an emerging zoonotic pathogen on global public health and socio-economic development. The aim of this study is determination of ACE2 and CXCL10 gene expression in patients of covid19 with and without chronic diseases and compare it with ACE2 and CXCL10 gene expression in control groups with and without chronic diseases, respectively, by using Real-Time PCR. The results showed that expression level of ACE2 in patients with chronic diseases higher than control group with difference significant (P=0.002). While, indicate that no there was difference significant in expression of ACE2 gene in covid-19 patients of non-chronic diseases compare with control group (P=1.04). On the other hand, The results above has shown that levels of CXCL10 gene expression is higher in COVID-19 patients, especially those with pulmonary problems, were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (P=0.0007). But, in patients of covid19 without chronic diseases our results found that non there was significant difference between levels of CXCL10 gene expression COVID-19 patients compared with healthy controls.