Azo compounds, characterized by their distinctive azo moiety and aromatic systems, play pivotal roles across various industries due to their versatile applications. Their prevalence in food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, dyes, and textiles underscores their significance in modern chemistry. Notably, azo compounds exhibit diverse biological activities, contributing significantly to medicinal and therapeutic advancements.Recent research explores compounds like Congo Red and Evans Blue for their potential as HIV replication inhibitors, highlighting ongoing efforts in disease treatment. Additionally, their antibacterial and pesticidal properties make them promising candidates for industrial and medical applications. Synthesis of azo compounds offers pathways for exploring novel functionalities and derivatives, further enhancing their utility. Commonly referred to as chromogens, azo compounds find extensive use as synthetic dyes, with broad applications from textiles to photoconductive materials. Their role as chemotherapeutic agents and enzyme inhibitors underscores their broad utility. MIC assays provide valuable insights into their antimicrobial efficacy, aiding in combating infectious diseases. In summary, the multifaceted properties of azo compounds drive ongoing research and innovation, showcasing their significance in both industrial and medicinal realms.