Objective: To investigate the association between the novel biological indices and coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: A total of 819 patients with CAD and 783 patients without CAD were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. The ratio of biological indicators between the two groups was compared, and the relationship between the ratio and the severity of CHD was analyzed. Results: The levels of FPG/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, LDL C/HDL-C, MHR, and AST/ALT in the CAD group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). Logistic regression results showed that TC/HDL-C, MHR, FPG/HDL-C, and AST/ALT were independent risk factors of CAD (OR= 1.328~2.960), TG/HDL-C was an independent protective factor (OR=0.820), P < 0.01. ROC curve analysis results showed that TC/HDL-C, MHR, FPG/HDL-C, AST/ALT, and TG/HDL-C had a predictive value for diagnosis of CAD (AUC=0.560~775; P < 0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that FPG/HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, and AST/ALT(rs = 0.138~0.229) were positively correlated with the severity of coronary artery stenosis (P<0.001). Conclusion: TC/HDL-C, MHR, FPG/HDL-C, AST/ALT are risk factors of CAD. FPG/HDL-C has the highest predictive value for CAD. The ratios of FPG/HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, and AST/ALT are positively correlated with the severity of coronary artery stenosis. The combined detection of these biological combinations has predictive value for early CAD diagnosis and the evaluation of coronary artery disease severity