In this study, the effects of an aqueous extract of Spinacia oleracea L (SOAE) on experimentally induced anemia and its impact on muscle function have been investigated. Phytochemical analysis and HPTLC fingerprinting confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the extract. Oral administration of S. oleracea aqueous extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg extensively improved the erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit in the phenyl hydrazine-induced anemia model. We also evaluated the effect of adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) on hematological parameters along with the determination of serum erythropoietin and transferrin using an adenine-induced ELISA kit in rats