BackgroundHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has been and remains to be a global health challenge. This is more of a concern towards Adolescent Girls and Young Women (AGYW) as they experience higher HIV incidence compared to their male counterparts. MethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed the uptake of HIV testing and associated factors among AGYW aged 15-24 using primary data from youth centers in Kigali city. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize characteristics of participants. Furthermore, multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess HIV testing and associated factors after adjustment with other potential confounding variables. Ethical considerations including obtaining approvals from relevant authorities were adhered. ResultsWith a total of 382 AGYW, uptake of HIV testing showed 51.8% in Kigali city. The odds of ever having an HIV test were significantly higher for AGYW aged between 20-24 (aOR=2.34, 95% CI=1.55, 3.53); Married/Cohabiting (aOR=2.13, 95% CI=0.87,5.20); with tertiary education (aOR=6.60, 95% CI=2.22, 19.73); and comprehensive knowledge on HIV (aOR=6.60, 95% CI=1.32, 3.57). Enabling factors included; AGYW discussing SRH with their parents (aOR=1.56, 95% CI= 1.09, 2.52); using less than 30 minutes to go to the nearest testing site (aOR=1.90, 95% CI= 1.27, 2.86) and having experienced confidentiality in HIV testing services (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI=1.36, 3.22). Having ever had sex (aOR=4.37, 95% CI = 2.76, 6.92); having ever been pregnant (aOR = 2.63, 95% CI=1.23, 5.62) among others, were identified as need for care factors. ConclusionAs the study found only half of participants seeking HIV testing, the study recommends, the government to strengthen youth friendly services, promote parent adolescent communication on SRH, and intensify targeted outreach for AGYW aged 15–19.