Introduction: The study "Use of *Myrtus communis* and *Ferula tingitana* essential oils in the biological control of wheat pests: Laboratory evaluation" investigates the potential of natural compounds as alternatives to chemical pesticides in agricultural pest management. Objective: This research aimed to assess the efficacy of essential oils extracted from ‘Myrtus communis’ and ‘Ferula tingitana’ against the green aphid (Schizaphis graminum), a significant wheat pest. Results: Essential oils were extracted via water distillation, yielding 0.4% for myrtle and 1.8% for Ferula. GC-MS analysis revealed distinct primary compounds in each oil. Inhalation toxicity tests demonstrated the effectiveness of both oils against aphids, with myrtle oil exhibiting superior potency (LC50 = 0.59 μL/cm³) compared to Ferula oil (LC50 = 1.08 μL/cm³). Conclusion: The study's findings indicate that essential oils derived from “Myrtus communis” and “Ferula tingitana” possess significant potential as biopesticides for controlling wheat pests. These naturalcompounds offer an environmentally safe alternative to conventional chemical pesticides, potentially enhancing grain production and mitigating pest- induced crop losses.