This study aims at inventorying and analyzing the flora found in the steppe of Djelfa using a phytoecological approach. The floristic analysis provided a list of 229 taxa on 25 floristic surveys that include 156 genres distributed on 47 botanic families. In this context, the dominantfamilies were Fabaceae (40 species), Lamiaceae 21 species), Asteraceae (20 species), Poaceae (18 species), Borraginaceae (15 species), and Liliaceae (13 species). The comparison of the different biological types shows the importance of therophytes (45.85%), which explains the good adaptation to the environmental conditions. Regarding the biogeographical aspect, we found out the affinity of the Algerian steppic flora in the Mediterranean (54.14%). Shannon index was moderately high, reaching 4.185 bits, while Pielou equitability index showed aregulardistribution of the species