Butterfly is one of the most diverse groups of sensitive insects of order Lepidoptera, which is one of the key indicators of the health of an ecosystem and plays a crucial role in ecosystem functioning. They feed on nectar from flowers; butterflies inadvertently transfer pollen from one flower to another, facilitating plant reproduction. The present study was carried out in Silapathar, in the district of Dhemaji, Assam, India from January to May 2024 to explore the diversity and to compare the butterfly diversity in different habitats such as grassland, agriculture field and urban area. In this study, a total of 54 species, 1375 individuals, representing five families viz. Papilionidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Riodinidae and Nymphalidae from 34 genera were recorded from the study area. The dominance of Nymphalidae across different families of butterflies within the study area provided the best explanation for the greatest number of butterfly species in the location.