The field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2024 to study effect of nitrogen and phosphorus application on growth and yield of sesame at The Experimental Farm for Students within the Department of Agronomy at Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, is organized according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments included T1 = Control (No fertilizer), T2 = 30-40 NP kg ha-1, T3 = 40-50 NP kg ha-1, T4 = 50-60 NP kg ha-1, T5 = 60-70 NP kg ha-1 and T6 = 70-80 NP kg ha-1. The results of the study indicated that the sesame treated with 70-80 NP kg ha-1 resulted maximum 179.5 cm plant height, 12.2 branches plant-1, 170.8 capsules plant-1, 43.7 seeds capsule-1, 51.8 g seed weight plant-1, 4.3 g seed index, 5213.4 kg ha-1 biological yield and 670.6 kg ha-1 seed yield. The nitrogen and phosphorus @ 60-70 kg ha-1 resulted 161.7 cm plant height, 10.7 branches plant-1, 150.9 capsules plant-1, 39.7 seeds capsule-1, 45.9 g seed weight plant-1, 3.8 g seed index, 4812.3 kg ha-1 biological yield and 625.9 kg ha-1 seed yield. Similarly, the sesame treated with 50-60 NP kg ha-1 resulted 140.1 cm plant height, 9.2 branches plant-1, 133.8 capsules plant-1, 35.1 seeds capsule-1, 39.6 g seed weight plant-1, 3.6 g seed index, 4311.7 kg ha-1 biological yield and 573.6 kg ha-1 seed yield. Nitrogen and phosphours 40-50 kg ha-1 resulted 125.6 cm plant height, 7.6 branches plant-1, 111.4 capsules plant-1, 28.8 seeds capsule-1, 34.5 g seed weight plant-1, 3.2 g seed index, 3941.3 kg ha-1 biological yield and 521.9 kg ha-1 seed yield. 30-40 NP kg ha-1 resulted 115.9 cm plant height, 6.7 branches plant-1, 91.7 capsules plant-1, 24.7 seeds capsule-1, 26.7 g seed weight plant-1, 3.1 g seed index, 3551.6 kg ha-1 biological yield and 473.8 kg ha-1 seed yield. However, control (No fertilizer) resulted minimum 100.2 cm plant height, 5.3 branches plant-1, 71.9 capsules plant-1, 19.8 seeds capsule-1, 21.5 g seed weight plant-1, 2.8 g seed index, 3129.4 kg ha-1 biological yield and 421.6 kg ha-1 seed yield. After going through the findings of the present research, it was concluded that the growth and yield of sesame increased simultaneously with increasing nitrogen and phosphorus levels and the sesame fertilized with 70-80 NP kg ha-1 resulted in maximum seed yield (670.6 kg ha-1), followed by 60-70 NP kg ha-1 (625.9 kg ha-1) and 50-60 NP kg ha-1 (573.6 kg ha-1).