Cell culture is considered a mainstay in in-vitro research both in human and veterinary biomedicine, with its vast applications in cytogenesis, cellular physiology, toxicity, genomics, immunological studies, vaccine development, and host-pathogen interaction. In addition, cell culture finds its use in toxicological studies and diagnostic virology, where it is still considered the gold standard. Cell culture is also used as a replica model for various biological studies as it mimics the host organism’s cellular architecture and reduces variability due to various factors present under in-vivo conditions. The last two and a half decades in India have witnessed extensive use of cell culture in deciphering various phenomena under in-vitro conditions. To this end, a number of primary cell cultures and cell lines have been developed and characterized using karyotyping, isozyme analysis, and molecular techniques. The current review intends to highlight the developments, applications, and future prospects of fish cell culture in the Indian subcontinent.