Background: The spinal cord connects the brain and peripheral nervous systems, processing and transmitting motor and sensory information, and modulating reflex responses. Spinal cord damage through compression or other mechanisms causes dysfunction in the form of pain, limb weakness, numbness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, and irregular gait. Clinical outcomes vary with magnitude, type of injury, severity, location and biomechanical origin. There is a lack of data describing the epidemiology and aetiology of NTSCI. This is likely to be due to the wide range of causes, the lack of national registries, and the secondary nature of NTSCI leading to patients not always being admitted to specialist spinal cord injury units. The prevalence of NTSCI has been estimated to be 1120 per million and 2310 per million in the only two studies undertaken. Annual incidence is estimated to be between 6 and 76 cases per million. Since the incidence of traumatic injury is estimated to be between 10 and 40 cases per million per year, NTSCI affects the same number or more people annually than traumatic injury. Demographic studies have identified that NTSCI patients have median ages of 62 to 67 years old; with an even gender divide. In TSCI, approximately 80% of patients are males and the mean age is between 38 and 52 years old