Many industry sectors have been pursuing the adoption of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) ideas and technologies, which promise to realize lean and just-in-time production through digitization and the use of smart machines. This shift is driven by technological advances, including Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning, sensor networks and Internet of Things technologies, cloud computing, additive manufacturing, and the availability of large amounts of data that can be exploited by these technologies. However, the adoption of AI technologies for I4.0 varies considerably among industry sectors. This article complements broader reviews of I4.0 by examining the specific applications of AI. The recent White House report on Artificial Intelligence (AI) (Lee, 2016) highlights the significance of AI and the necessity of a clear roadmap and strategic investment in this area. As AI emerges from science fiction to become the frontier of world-changing technologies, there is an urgent need for systematic development and implementation of AI to see its real impact in the next generation of industrial systems, namely Industry 4.0. Within the 5C architecture previously proposed in Lee et al. (2015), the capacity to act specifically while addressing the ideal principle of artificial intelligence is solving the problem and achieving the objective. Finally, the paper identifies and discusses significant applications of AI for Industry 4.0.