This study explores public perception and argumentation regarding the proposal to establish private prisons in Malaysia. Currently, all correctional facilities are government-owned public prisons, and no private prisons or prison privatization exist. The proposal arises from three key challenges: overcrowding, rising operational costs, and the high financial burden of maintaining aging prison facilities. As the prison population grows, the government struggles to sustain efficiency, security, and rehabilitation standards. Private prisons are seen as a possible solution to reduce costs, introduce management innovation, and improve rehabilitation programs. However, the feasibility of this initiative depends on public acceptance and trust. This study uses a quantitative exploratory method involving 2,014 respondents. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire with seven sections and 56 questions. The reliability test showed Cronbach’s Alpha values between 0.78 and 0.87, indicating good reliability. The findings show that 54.97% of respondents support private prisons to reduce overcrowding (Mean = 3.42, p < 0.05). About 52.64% believe they can lower operational costs (Mean = 3.45, p > 0.05). Another 55.37% agree private prisons could reduce maintenance expenses (Mean = 3.35, p < 0.001). Public support remains moderate. Many recognize the benefits but question their effectiveness and long-term sustainability. The lack of public familiarity with private prison models may contribute to this hesitation. The small sample size could also limit the findings. Future research should increase the sample size for better generalization. A longer study duration would help track changes in public perception. Extending the timeframe would allow more systematic data collection and broader participation. This would provide policymakers with deeper insights into public concerns and potential risks. A well-informed approach can help assess the feasibility of private prisons and their role in Malaysia’s criminal justice system.