Mangroves are the intertidal coastal ecosystems identified by their salt-tolerant shrubs and trees; they are rich source of bioactive compounds with eminent medicinal properties. A wide range of phytochemicals including flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds, have been isolated from various mangrove species such as Avicennia, Rhizophora, and Exocaria. These compounds, produced by mangrove plants and associated microorganisms, exhibit various biological activities that make them valuable for various applications. The bioactive compounds found in mangroves are phenolic compounds, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins. Phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and tannins, are noted for their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which help mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation. These attributes make them promising candidates for developing anti-aging and anti-inflammatory therapies. Terpenoids extracted from mangroves helps in treating various diseases such as cancer diabetes, and cardiovascular conditions. Saponins known for immune boosting and anticancer properties, providing basics for developing natural immune modulators and cancer therapeutics. This review explores the diverse bioactive compounds found in mangrove plants and their potential therapeutic applications. It also addresses the challenges in extracting and utilizing these bioactive compounds, including issues related to sustainability and environmental impact.