This work consisted of carrying out an orthopteric inventory with a view to their importance in agricultural production. Economic losses and sociological crises are caused by the direct influence of some harmful orthoptera on yield. Two representative sites were selected in two palm groves in the Adrar region (Touat and Gourrara). Sampling was done after prospecting trips during the period from September 2017 to February 2018 using the sweep net. The biodiversity indices used relate to the quality of sampling, total richness, average richness, relative abundance and frequency of occurrence and constancy. The results mentioned that in the Adrar region we were able to inventory 16 species of locusts belonging to 5 families and 9 subfamilies which are distributed between the suborder of Caeliferae and the suborder of Ensiferae.. The Caeliferae, which constitute the largest group (69.82%) of the entire orthopteric fauna, Acrididae and Pyrgomorphidae are the most important families to which the majority of locust species belong. While the Gryllidae, Gryllotalpidae and Phasgonuridae are less represented