The Sbiaat forest is situated in the Ain Témouchent region, between the communes of Messaid and Ouled Boudjmaa. This forest is a prime example of climate-induced degradation caused by human activities. Our research aims to document the vegetation inventory and biogeography of this forest. According to the ombrothermic diagram, the dry season lasts for around 7 months, indicating a semi-arid climate. Our study reveals a rich flora with 33 estimated species, and the distribution of families is uneven with Asteraceae family dominating at a rate of 24.5%. Therophytes make up the majority of biological types with 34.05% prevalence. The Mediterranean element is the most significant biogeographic feature in the study area, accounting for 45.07%. These findings emphasize the urgent need for prompt and effective measures to combat this degradation