ISSN : 2663-2187

Challenge of eight Evidences of Darwin’s Theory and the other theories of Evolution

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Md. Abdul Ahad
» doi: 10.48047/AFJBS.7.8.2025.493-510

Abstract

This article is based on the author himself published article that published during 2015-2024 in various web science Journals, and proved that fossil evidence, artificial selection, taxonomical evidence, embryological evidence, geographical distribution, vestigial organs, biochemical and molecular similarities, and contemporary evidence are opposite to Darwin’s theory/organic evolution. However, fossils are the direct evidence of evolution. But all the obtained fossils of plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates are practically 100% identical to the present-day organism, which opposes Darwin’s theory and other theories of evolution. Darwin claimed that vertebrate embryos are similar and support the organic evolution. But modern researchers proved that vertebrate embryos are not similar but rather dissimilar, it opposes embryological evidence. Darwin claimed that animals were dispersed away from their places of origin and then became subsequently modified to match with the environment and thus the geographical distribution occurred. But animals do not evolve to match with the climate rather the migrate to safe place, if impossible they extinct. Artificial/hybridization selection is a model of natural selection. But hybridization between two plants or animal species is not possible; if possible, offspring must produce a sterile hybrid. So. there no evidence a reproductive isolated variety or species evolve either artificially or naturally. Taxonomical evidence is based on the evolutionary classification. But evolutionary classification is absent of both in plant and in the animal kingdom. As the claimed evolutionary classification of Hutchinson, Engler and Prantl, etc. is not valid as evolutionary classification. According to Darwin vestigial organs are useless. But modern researchers proved that vestigial organs are very important to the respective organism. Evolutionists claimed that living organisms are greatly similar at their molecular level, which indicates a common ancestry. But according to the current theory, each species is unique in that its base pairs are arranged in different orders that vary from other species. The recent arising of a new species is the contemporary evidence of Darwin’s theory/organic evolution. The recent arising of a new species is the contemporary evidence of organic evolution but there is no evidence arising of a new species either artificially or naturally by any process. Hence, those eight evidences of organic evolution are not valid, which indirectly reject all theories of evolution. If organic evolution/ Darwin’s theory is valid, then humans and other living organisms should be immortal. Moreover, Teleology, the laws of thermodynamics, Mendel’s law, Hardy–Weinberg's law, Population genetics oppose the idea of organic evolution i.e. oppose Darwin’s Theory, Neo-Darwinism, Sociobiology theory, Neutral Theory, Nearly Neutral Theory, Punctuated equilibrium theory and the other theories of organic evolution, which indirectly reject all the evidence of evolution

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