The research carried out aims to contribute to the identification of effective strategies that address the challenges in the management of public hospitals and significantly improve the quality of medical care in these essential services. To achieve this, a mixed research methodology was used that combined qualitative and quantitative elements, including in-depth interviews with hospital administrators, medical staff and patients, as well as structured surveys and analysis of medical records. The target population was composed of public hospitals of the Ministry of Health in Callao, as well as administrators, medical staff and patients of these hospitals. The results indicate that lack of budget, staff shortage, and obsolescence of medical equipment are common challenges in hospital management that directly affect the quality of care.