The globally important agricultural heritage systems (GIAHS) are traditional agricultural systems for food production that are highly harmonious with the surrounding environment and spread widely worldwide. They play an important role in ensuring food security for local communities. T he scientific research on these heritage systems is progressing accelerated, but with an unbalanced approach between various scientific disciplines. This situation created many research gaps that prevented the discovery of more of the secrets of these systems and disrupted the conservation and development of this heritage. This letter is regarded as a call for the scientific community from a multi-disciplinary perspective to guide research and highlight some mysterious GIAHS sides that, until now, have not attracted researchers' attention