This study explores the ecological and floristic structure of plant communities associated with Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast. in the Beni Affane massif, situated in the semi arid region of Tiaret, western Algeria. Through a phytosociological approach and stratified field surveys, a total of 21 species were identified, with Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast. as the dominant species. The study area is characterized by a semi-arid Mediterranean bioclimate with pronounced seasonal rainfall variation and significant temperature fluctuations. The ecological heterogeneity of the site, particularly soil composition and slope variation, has led to the development of distinct vegetative facies, each indicative of specific environmental conditions. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the adaptive strategies of Mediterranean flora and offers valuable insight for sustainable management and conservation of degraded forest ecosystems in North Africa