ISSN : 2663-2187

Evaluating Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in DiabeticSmokers;Implications forCardiovascularHealth

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Dr. Uzair Riaz , Dr.Muhammad Bilal Ismail, Dr. Muhammad Hamza Naveed, Dr. Muhammad Hamza Naveed,Dr.Hasham Sheeraz, Naresh Kumar Khurana, Dr Farah Naz Tahir
» doi: 10.48047/AFJBS.6.15.2024.10228-10237

Abstract

Thisstudy aimstoprovide a clearunderstanding ofsmoking effects oncardiac biomarkerrelease in diabetic patients. By measuring cardiac biomarkers, analyzing differences, and assessing the correlations between smoker and nonsmoker diabetic patients we will be able to establish “predictive cardiac biomarker”. This predictive cardiac biomarker Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) will help develop strategies to improve patient care and more personalized treatment optionsfordiabeticpatients. Methodology This prospective observational study is based on the observation carried out at the InternalmedicinedepartmentinCentralParkTeachingHospital onSep 20, 2024.The patientswere classified into twogroups of95 patients andTotal 190 patientswereenrolled. Group A (n=95) was labeled as a Diabetic smoker and Group B (n=95) was labeled as a Diabetic Non-smoker. The primary variables ofinterest included cardiac biomarkerssuch astroponin levels and C-reactive Protein (CRP). The reason for the measurement of these troponin and CRPprotein levels was to ensure any underlying myocardial injury and inflammation. Additionally, to assess the relationship between smoking intensity and biomarker levels correlation analysis and statistical analysis were performed. Results Smokers had significantly higher troponin levels compared to non-smokers (mean ± SD: 0.36 ± 0.13 ng/mL vs. 0.24 ± 0.07ng/mL, p < 0.02), and correlation analysis was observedbetween smoking intensity and levels of troponin (r = 0.55, p < 0.02). Smoking intensity was also positively correlated with CRP levels (r = 0.48, p < 0.06). Conclusion The findings are expected to reveal differences in troponin and C-reactive Protein (CRP). Identification of these differences will provide insights regardingcardiacbiomarkers. Role in smoking-induced cardiac complications in diabetic patients. Interpretation ofresults will mark the changes in underlying mechanisms of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)

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