The formation of intellectual capital in nanomedicine has had barriers that can be explained from a structural equation model. The objective of this work was to establish the theories, models, variables and explanatory trajectories of the impact of nanomedicine on the formation of intellectual capital. A documentary, transversal, retrospective and systematic work was carried out with sources indexed to international repositories, considering the search by keywords and the publication period from 1965, the year of the beginning of nanomedicine until 2024. The trajectories of relationships between the postulated variables were specified. by the theories that explain the formation of intellectual capital in nanomedicine. In relation to the state of the art, a comprehensive model of theoretical approaches is proposed.