: Ecuador is a megadiverse country made up of four regions which climate is different. The Coastal Region has seven provinces and Guayas stands out for its biological diversity, with the Guayaquil canton being the most important in the country for its contribution to the economy and biodiversity. Since 2020, there has been an exponential growth of scale insects, which have caused significant damage to trees and ornamentals. The problem is the lack of control and inappropriate use of techniques have caused these pests to proliferate, being responsible for the death of a large number of trees. The objective of this work was to identify and map the distribution of insect pests and beneficial insects associated with the saman tree, Samanea saman (Fabaceae). To do so, sampling of infested branches was carried out in different parts of the city, which were placed in plastic containers for later identification. The pests Crypticerya multicicatrices (Hemiptera: Monophlebidae), Ferrisia virgata and Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) were identified, and the distributional mapping allowed us to know that currently F. virgata is the most widely dispersed mealybug on the trees, followed by M. hirsutus and C. multicicatrices. These results allow us to deduce that the cause of the death of the trees is caused by a complex of scale insects and not by C. multicicatrices as the only pest. Finally, the coccinellid Cycloneda melanocera is reported for the first time in Ecuador; as well as other coccinellids, namely, Hyperaspis bromelicola, Cycloneda friiy, Tenuisvalvae bromelicola, Paraneda pallidula, Cycloneda sp., Cheilomenes sexmaculata, Tenuisvalvae sp., Diomus sp., were found as main natural enemies of mealybugs and Novius punicus as the main predator of C. multicicatrices.