Objective: To analyze the impact of animal protein versus plant protein consumption on the body composition of individuals with endomorphic somatotypes, examining both differences and similarities in terms of muscle protein synthesis, amino acid content, and how these dietary choices may affect the health and well-being of this specific group of people. Methods: For the research, the Bibliographic Review method was used, that is, a review of the literature was carried out using academic databases such as PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, using search terms such as "plant proteins", "animal proteins", "composition body" and "endomorphic somatotype" to identify relevant studies published in English and Spanish since 2013, complementing the search with the review of reference lists of the selected articles. The inclusion criteria covered empirical studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses that examined the impact of the consumption of plant and animal proteins on the body composition of individuals with endomorphic somatotype, excluding those not available in full text or not directly related to the topic. The selection of articles was carried out independently by two reviewers, resolving discrepancies through discussion and consensus. Result: The documentary review matrix analyzes the work of fifteen prominent authors in the field of nutrition. Studies indicate that animal proteins promote muscle mass, while plant-based diets have fiber and cardiovascular benefits. However, the latter have a lower calcium intake, affecting bone health. Although animal proteins are more effective for muscle synthesis, both sources can maintain a healthy body composition, emphasizing dietary diversity to meet nutritional needs.