The paper discusses the production process of second-generation bioethanol, focusing on its differentiation from first-generation and subsequent generations of biofuels due to its utilization of lignocellulosic biomass as a raw material. The two different pretreatment methods for barnyard husk were examined by different concentrations of Sulphuric acid and Sodium hydroxide. After hydrolysis, the reducing sugar concentration was determined using Dinitro salicylic acid (DNS) method. Results showed that the best result obtained by the pretreatment was 1% H2SO4 and 1% NaOH. The concentration of the Bioethanol produced was determined using the Potassium Dichromate method. The results showed that the highest bioethanol yield of 3.098 grams/liter was obtained after 1% H2SO4 pretreated hydrolysates were fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the Third day. The comparative FESEM image of the pretreated biomass sample showed enhanced roughness as compared to the untreated sample. FTIR showed the peak at the absorbance of 3942.50 cm-1 which can show the functional group of O-H stretching of Alcohol. The volatile compounds produced by acid pre-treated samples using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS) show that Ethanol was the highest volatile compound with a peak area of 41.98%. Therefore, bioethanol production using 1% H2SO4 pretreated samples produced a large quantity of bioethanol and this study concluded that Barnyard husk is a suitable substrate for bioethanol production and hydrolyzing with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and optimization of fermentation yielded higher bioethanol concentration.