ISSN : 2663-2187

Investigation of Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Enhancing the Efficacy of Antibiotics in Treating Bacterial Infections and Wounds

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Prem Kumar, Ashish Jain
» doi: 10.33472/AFJBS.6.15.2024.4062-4075

Abstract

Topically applied antibacterial agents offer advantages such as higher and sustained drug concentrations at the infection site, reduced systemic side effects, better compliance, and potentially lower antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to enhance the efficacy of antibiotics for treating bacterial infections and wounds through novel gel formulations and neem leaves extracts. Gels were prepared using Methyl cellulose, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E4M, Pluronic P407, Carbopol 940, and Pectin. Characterization showed consistent color, no syneresis, high spreadability (22.35 ± 1.45 g.cm/sec), suitable pH (5.78-6.22), and uniform drug content (98.53 ± 2.12%). Rheological analysis indicated pseudoplastic behavior. Compatibility studies via DSC and FT-IR confirmed no drug-excipient interactions.In-vitro drug release demonstrated sustained release (75.23-89.67% over 24 hours), and permeation studies indicated efficient permeation (70.45-85.34%). Neem leaves extracts, obtained through petroleum ether and chloroform extraction, were evaluated against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Chloroform extracts showed superior antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones up to 20.12 ± 0.45 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The results suggest that these gel formulations provide effective topical treatment for bacterial infections and wounds, and neem extracts offer significant antibacterial potential. This study supports the development of multi-component topical formulations combining antibiotics with natural extracts to enhance therapeutic outcomes and reduce antimicrobial resistance. Future work should include in-vivo studies and isolation of active compounds from neem extracts for clinical applications.

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