Mucormycosis, a rare but serious fungal infection, has gained attention due to its increasing prevalence in immunocompromised patients, particularly in relation to dental and maxillofacial contexts. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of mucormycosis affecting the jaws, highlighting its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and treatment protocols. We explore the multifactorial risk factors contributing to its emergence, including diabetes mellitus, immunosuppressive therapies, and recent COVID-19 infections. The review synthesizes existing literature to outline effective management strategies, emphasizing the role of early diagnosis, surgical intervention, and antifungal therapy. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in optimizing patient outcomes. This comprehensive overview serves as a resource for clinicians in recognizing, diagnosing, and managing mucormycosis of the jaws.