Urtica dioica L., a medicinal plant from the Urticaceae family, is widely distributed in Europe, Africa, America, and parts of Asia due to its ability to adapt to various environments and climatic conditions. It is commonly used in traditional medicine for its numerous benefits. Its active compounds have the potential to contribute to the development of various medications, particularly for conditions such as skin cancer, by providing sun protection through sunscreens made from U. dioica extracts. The aim of our study is the phytochemical characterization and evaluation of the photoprotective activity of this plant. The identification of its components was carried out using phytochemical tests based on colorimetric reactions. The extraction of the compounds was performed through maceration with pure methanol, and the photoprotective activity was determined in vitro using spectrophotometry. The extraction yield was 8.75%. Phytochemical tests confirmed the presence of flavonoids, gallic tannins, sterols, terpenes, saponins, and alkaloids. The results showed a total polyphenol content 5.37 ± 0.17mg GAE/g DW in the methanolic extract, while the flavonoid content was 0.24 ± 0.12mg QE/g DW. The sun protection factor (SPF) was 22.56. U. dioica appears to be particularly promising for use in cosmetic products, providing excellent sun protection at a concentration of 2 mg/ml.