Background: Recurrent Implantation Failure (RIF) is a significant challenge in reproductive medicine, characterized by the failure to achieve clinical pregnancy after multiple cycles of transferring high-quality embryos. It not only causes emotional and financial strain but also presents a complex problem involving embryonic, uterine, and immunological factors. Recent focus has shifted to the role of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in RIF, suggesting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers. Objective: This review aims to consolidate current knowledge on the impact of these factors on fertility, emphasizing the role of genetic polymorphisms and the influence of environmental and lifestyle factors. Methods: An extensive review of literature was conducted, focusing on studies investigating genetic predispositions, environmental exposures, and lifestyle choices affecting fertility outcomes. Results: Genetic polymorphisms, particularly in genes associated with thrombophilia, hormonal regulation, and immune response, significantly affect RIF and RPL. Environmental toxins and lifestyle factors, including smoking and alcohol consumption, also play a critical role, with studies showing a decrease in fertility rates among exposed individuals. ART outcomes vary, with a noted 30-35% success rate in IVF treatments, highlighting the need for personalized approaches. Conclusion: Fertility challenges such as RIF and RPL are influenced by a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Future research should aim at unravelling this complexity through interdisciplinary studies, leading to more targeted and effective fertility treatments.