Cellular therapies are highly effective for protecting and repairing tissues damaged by injury or chronic illness within the field of regenerative medicine. Hypoxia, or low oxygen conditions, can impact both normal and disease processes. While hypoxia can sometimes result in cell death and brain damage, it can also initiate an adaptation process known as hypoxic preconditioning. This process is essential for cell and tissue survival and is considered a key endogenous defense mechanism, offering a promising approach for treating ischemic injuries. Research has identified various cellular mechanisms through which hypoxic preconditioning exerts its protective effects. This preconditioning significantly boosts the resilience, regenerative capabilities, and healing potential of cells when transplanted into a host environment, thereby enhancing therapeutic outcomes in numerous disease models. Research has demonstrated that re-forming remedies can stimulate stem cells, enhancing both enhancing the formation of new neurons and the development of new blood vessels in brain. By integrating cell-based therapies with treatments that provide neuroprotection, facilitate healing, reduce inflammation, and support rehabilitation, the therapeutic benefits can be significantly augmented. This review delves into recent advancements in the varieties of cells utilized and their roles in regenerative medicine, also potential upcoming therapies and treatments.